Study Compares Bone Marrow Blast Percentages in NPM1-Mutated Myeloid Neoplasms

A recent study found no differences in overall survival (OS) outcomes among patients with NPM1-mutated myeloid neoplasms (MN) with varying bone marrow (BM) blast percentages.

The study, led by Georgina Gener-Ricós, MD, of the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, included 54 patients with NPM1-mutated MN with <20% BM blasts. Patients’ clinicopathologic features were compared with wild-type NPM1 MN with <20% BM blasts and NPM1-mutated MN with ≥20% BM blasts.

Patients with NPM1-mutated MN had similar clinicopathologic features regardless of blast percentage. However, those with ≥20% BM blasts had higher IDH2 and FLT3 frequency.

Compared with those who received low-intensity chemotherapy, patients with NPM1-mutated MN with <20% BM blasts who received intense chemotherapy achieved higher complete remission rates (27% vs 75%, respectively; P=.006) and median OS (30.4 months vs not reached, respectively; P=.06).

For patients younger than 60 years of age, the median OS was not reached for either chemotherapy group. Regardless of chemotherapy regimen, there were no differences in median OS among the BM blast groups (32.2 months, not reached, and 46.9 months for <10%, 10%-19%, and ≥20% blasts, respectively; P=.700).

“Overall, NPM1-[mutated] MN define a unique entity independent of BM blast percentage,” Dr. Gener-Ricós and colleagues concluded.

Reference

Gener-Ricós G, Bataller A, Rodriguez-Sevilla JJ, et al. NPM1-mutated myeloid neoplasms are a unique entity not defined by bone marrow blast percentage. 2024. Cancer. doi:10.1002/cncr.35433